The Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, and Permian Periods Trilobite populations remained at a constant low throughout the last three age periods. Trilobites are rare in the Mississippian period, and even more scarce in the Pennsylvanian period. By the end of the Permian Period we see the extinction of trilobites and the closure of the Paleozoic Era. A recorded ancient meteorite impact in S. Gondwana seems to mark this extinction with the following rise of the Mesozoic Era.
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